ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS

THEORY OF CALIBRATION: Concentration vs Intensity calibration curve Calibration comprises measurement of calibration samples and de...

LIBS, is a spectroscopy technique in which a short laser pulse beam is focused on a target sample. Laser energy ionizes the sample ma...

INTRODUCTION Total reflection x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis is a powerful analytical tool with respect to detectable elemental ra...

Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) is a fast, accurate and reliable method for quantitative analysis of  metals to about 1–3% relative pre...